Fitness includes a huge spectrum of various kinds of exercise, from running to powerlifting as well as bodybuilding to CrossFit. Although some people may be intimidated about where to begin, when performing all of these physical movements, you will be able to boost all of the major muscle groups in your body. These motions focus on recruiting several muscle groups, so making them efficient for those utilising lack of time as an excuse not to head on down to the gym and to exercise.
Types of motion in physical fitness
It is vital to distinguish between two varieties of motion:
- Linear (or Translational) Motion
This refers to movement in particular direction (and would include the results of more than one linear force acting on an object). For example, a sprinter accelerating down the track.
- Rotational Motion
This refers to movement about an axis. The force is not acting through the centre of mass, but rather is “off centre”. This results in rotation, for example an ice skater’s spin.
What are the principles of biomechanical analysis
There are seven principles of biomechanical analysis which can be grouped into four broad categories. These are the following:
- Stability
- Maximum effort
- Linear motion
- Angular motion
Principle 1: The lower the centre of mass, the larger the base of support, the closer the centre of mass to the base of support, and the greater the mass, the more stability increases. Example: Sumo wrestling.
Principle 2: The production of maximum force necessitates the use of all possible joint movements that contribute to the task’s objective. Examples: golf, bench press.
Principle 3 : The production of maximum velocity necessitates the use of joints in order from largest to smallest. Examples: hockey slapshot , hitting a golf ball slapshot.
Principle 4: The greater the applied force, the greater the increase in velocity. Example: slam dunking a basketball.
Principle 5 : Movement usually occurs in a direction which is opposite to that of the applied force. Examples: high jumper, cyclists, runners.
Principle 6: Angular motion is produced through the application of a force acting at some distance from an axis, that is, by torque. The principle is also referred to as the principle of the production of angular motion. A good example can be seen with baseball pitchers.
Principle 7: Angular momentum is continuous when an athlete or object is free in the air. This principle also called the principle of conservation of angular momentum, and its key component is the fact that, when an athlete is airborne, he or she will travel with constant angular momentum. Example: Diver
Practical application in sport of principles of motion
When you approach sport training, the best way to do this is to understand better the principles behind the effort that you are putting in to improve.
Individuality
Every person is different, which means that they respond differently to training. Some individuals are able to handle increased volumes of training while other people may respond better to higher intensities.
Specificity
Improving your capability in a specific sport is very specific. You need to perform targeted training that will help you achieve your specific goals.
Progression
You’re not going to turn out be a superstar athlete overnight. You need to start slowly, with your training, and build up.
Overload
To improve strength as well as endurance, you need to add new resistance or time/intensity to your efforts. This principle works in tandem with progression.
Adaptation
Over time, the human body becomes familiar with exercising at a given level. This is why you should to change the stimulus via increased intensity or, alternatively, longer duration in order to continue improvements. The same is true for acclimatising to lesser amounts of exercise.
Recovery
The body cannot repair itself with no rest or recovery time . Both short periods – such as hours between multiple fitness sessions during a day – as well as longer periods such as days or weeks to recover from a long season are necessary to ensure that your body does not suffer from exhaustion or overuse injuries.
Reversibility
If you discontinue a particular exercise – such as running or bench pressing – you will lose the ability to complete that exercise successfully. You can make sure that this doesn’t happen by going on a maintenance/reduced training programme of training during periods where life gets in the way and you can’t exercise.
The principles of specificity, progression, overload, adaptation as well as reversibility are why training frequently as well as consistently are so important if you want to improve your performance. Biomechanics is the study that uses principles of physics to show how forces interact with a human body. This includes muscle actions, anatomical locations, anatomical terminology, description of joint movement, planes of motion, force couples, leverage forces, the force-velocity relationship.
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